Twin-furnace baker&#39;s oven



PATENT OFFICE.

MILIVOJ MARTINOV, OF SALT LAKE CITY, UTAH.

'rwIN-rUnNAcE BAxEns ovEN.

Application led January 16, 1924. Serial No. 686,524.

\ To all whom z't may concern:

Be it known that L'MILTvoJ MAn'rrNov, a citizen of the United States,residing at Salt Lake Cit in the county( of Salt Lake and State of tah,have invented a new and useful Twin-Furnace Bakers Oven, of which thefollowing is a specification.

This invention relates to improvement in ovens used by bakers in bakingthe dough of bread and cake. And has for one of its objects to provide abakers oven with two `furnaces within the oven wall, with flues attachedthereto so the products of combustion may circulate through the ovenwall in such a manner to give an even temperature to the wall and ovento bake the dough within the oven. y Another object of this inventionis` to provide a bakersoven with a right and left furnace, whereby onehalf of the oven can be used for baking by using one furnace, and theother furnace notused, thus making a saving in fuel in the baking ofsmall lots of dough.

Another object of this invention is to provide a bakersoven with acombustion chamber so constructed that a very small grate surface isrequired to hold the fuel for the combustion to supply the heatnecessary for the baking of the dough within the oven.

Another object of this invention is to provide a bakers oven with afurnace with obstruction walls therein having opening therethrough toprevent the rapid escape of le heat units from the combustion cham-Another object of this invention is to provide a bakers oven furnacewith a side Hue passage within the side wall of the furnaces to carryaway all gases from the products of combustion within the furnace whenthe damper to the main lues are closed.

With these and other objects in view my invention consists of thefollowing arrangement and construction of parts, to be hereinafterdescribed and illustrated in the ,drawings forming part of thisspecification in which similar letters and numerals refer to like artsthroughoutthe several views of the rawings, in which Figure 1 is a Viewon line 1--1 of Fig. 3, showing the furnacesand walls thereof insection. y Fi 2 is a plan view of the oven wall showing the lues fromeach furnace entering the smoke stack.

Fig. 3 is a front view of the oven wall showing the oven opening andflue clean out holes therein. n y

Fig. 4 is a view on line 4-4, Fig. 1, showing the back end of the mainlues entering the clean out hole, and the smoke ue from the top of thelire doorto the stack. p

F ig. 5 is a side view of the furnace on line 5 5 Fig. 4. showing theside and front iues. Fig. 6 is a side view on line 6 6, Fig. 3, showingthe movements of the products of combustion through the oven wall andaround the oven.

Fig. 7 is a front view on line 7-7, Fi s. l and 5, showing the bakingoven and t e flues as they lead from the furnaces.

Fig. 8 is a view through 8-8, Figs. 1, 2 and 5, showing the lay of theopenings in the oven wall.

In describing my invention, similar parts in each furnacewill show thesame reference numeral. Y

F represents the front of the furnace or oven wall, B the back end ofthe furnace or oven wall, R the right furnace, Lfthe left furnace, A theoven within the oven wall and C the smoke stack. f

The oven A is surrounded by the main wall 10 which in turn is surroundedon each side and in front by another wall 9. The wall 9 is placed adistance from the wall 10 to allow the forming of an air space 11between said wallsy Under the baking oven A are placed two furnaces Rand L and are known as twin furnaces.

Each of the furnaces R and L are provided With a combustion chamber 13having a small fire box 14 therein. This fire box is about one half thewidth of the combustion chamber and about one fourth the length1 thismaking the fire box less than one half the size of the ordinary fire boxnow used.

The fire box 13 is provided with la grate surface`14, a fire door 15 andan ash pit 16. The grate 14 and the fire door 15 are placed a dist-anceforward from the out side face of the back end B within the fire boxopening 17 this leaving a space of about two `feet from the out sidewall to the fire door. Over the top of this space isplaced a plate ofmetal with a hole 18 therein over which sets the opening for the flue18. This flue 18 is for carrying away all gases that escape from theopenino of the fire door 15 and discharge them at the upper end into thesmoke stack C. This flue is built within the wall of the oven 10 andruns upward from the top of the fire door to the sta-ck.

Each of the combustion chambers are provided with a floor 13 which islevel with the top of the fire boX 14 and ete'ndsfforwardly and sidewiseof Lsaid fire box, thus leaving a level space 19 on the "floor betweenthe firebox and the side. walls of the combustion'v chamber.

From the lfloor of the combustion chainber 13 rises .the outer wall20and `theinner wall n21 of the combustion chamber. The inner wall 21 isthe :dividing wall between the right and left furnace. Fromlthe top of:said walls an arch isforined in-theoven wall and extending across thecombustion chamber from wallto wall. The w`all'21 has an air opening `22placed lengthwise therein. In small ovens this opening is omitted. y

The combustion chamber 13 is provided with a front wall 23 havinglopenings 24 therein placed 'at theside walls and another opening V25`placed inthe center thereof to allow the gases ofcombustion to passfrom the combustion chamber to the flue 26.

' The'front wall -23 also is an obstruction wall'to prevent the rapidescape ofthe heat yunits from the combustion chamber.

The flue 26 enters in to a transverselmanifold flue 27. From themanifold flue 27 and running rearwardly of theoven wall 10 are anufinber of iiues 27 which enter at the rear end into a dirt or sootchamber 28. Frein the soot chamber `28 `and above the flues 27 areanother number of iflues 29 which 4run forwardly of .the oven wall 1().and enter into another manifold flue 29 which in turn enters` thedamper' .case 31. The damper case 31 has a damper therein, said damperhaving a khandle thereon, said handle for operating said `damper in con-.trolling the draft ofsaid flues in passing from the combustion.chamberA to the smoke stack. l

From therdamper case thegasesenter ithe fine 30 which discharges theminto :the main .smoke stack C. l y

The outside walls ofthe combustionchambers are provided with alongitudinal flue 34 which opens into `the combustionfchamber at 35'.The flue 34 extends inwardly vand then forwardly -forra distance tof-thewall at 36 and then turning outwardly and then rearwardly to the rear'oftheoven wall 37 and then upwardly into the stack .C through thehorizontal flue 37 The oven Wall 10 isprovided with afnum ber ofopenings 40 in the front thereof. These openings are provided with plugsor doors 43. ,Throughtheseiopenings after the plugs have been'removed ahoe is placedto clean out the lues Iof lsaidoven wall. As the luesarecleanedthe dirtispushedrean wardly into the dirt chamber 28. After theKLatasv'o fines have been cleaned and the dirt is placed in the dirtchamber 28 'the plug 42 is removed from the back of the oven wall andthe dirt is vthen drawn from the dirt chamber by means of a hoeoperating in said plug hole l42.

The bake oven A within the oven wall 10 is constructed in the usualmanner of the standard ovens with a door to open when the dough is to beplaced therein'and .closed after the dough has been placed therein.Heattesting devicesare also placed near'the door as shown at 12.

Having described 'my invention f1 `will now illustrate the operationandtravelof the gases andthe principlesl of combustion involved.

To generate the heat to warm'theoven A fuel isplaced upon the `grate14'and lfrom the combustion thereof the gases pass from the fuel `to thecombust-ion chamber7 and 4'at the forward end thereof strike 'the front`wall'23 and are then rebounded backward a little thenceare drawnthroughtheopenings 24 and`25 tothema'in flue passage 26 where they arestill in a high heated condition and are then carriedthrough the flue 26to the 'manifold flue 27 and distributed through the flues 27 and .then'through the upper set of fines and thence out of the stack. y

The `flue 34 in "the outside 'ofthe"furnace wall is for the purpose ofcarryingfofl'gases that may be formed therein when .the damper is closedover'themain iue'and preventing the escape ofthe gases'through thedamper to the stack. K

The movement, ofthegases inthe lues are indicated by arrows within` saidfines.'

The escaping gas of combustion'is maintained at the highest degree .oftemperature generated withindthe combustion chamber in passing lfrom thefurnace ithrough -the fines to the stack.

With my improved bakers-oven withthe twin furnaces thereunder, itissimple in construction and operation. 1s 'perfectly adapted toaccomplishtheresults of `which it is intended, and is also .inexpensivein construction. And by the'use thereof a 'saving infuel is accomplishedby the perfect combustion of lthe carbons in the yfurnace chamber thatescape inltheform of smoke. All the air required for this combustionenters the furnace through the .grates and furnace door. Y

'Having described my invention what I claim as new and=desire to secureby Letters Patent, is: y

AL bakers oven comprising an outer wall and'inner wall with openingsbetween said walls, two furnaces yplaced under said oven within, theinside wall, -said )furnaces being provided with a rectangular 'fire`boxhaving a grate therein and an `ash` 'pitthereto, said 1,553,870 n A y 3fire box having a lire door attached thereto, thence upwardly thenceinwardly into the 10 a combustionr chamber for said furnaces, stack,other flues placed within said oven said combustion chamber having afloor side wall in such a manner as to carry the heat; walls and an archtherein, an opening in the from the products of combustion through i Ioutside wall of said combustion chamber, said oven wall for heating therbaking oven said opening entering into a flue in the side within saidwall and means for regulating 15 wall of said oven and at one side ofthe the draft within said furnace.

furnace and oven, said flue running for- In Witness whereof I aix mysignature. wardly thence outwardly thence rearwardly MILIVOJ MARTINOV`

